Economic Efficiency
The fundamental economic problem is a scarcity of resources.
This occurs when the maximum number of goods and services are produced with a given amount of inputs. This will occur on the production possibility frontier. On the curve it is impossible to produce more goods without producing less services.Productive efficiency will also occur at the lowest point on the firms average costs curve
See: Productive Efficiency
2. Allocative efficiency
This occurs when goods and services are distributed according to consumer preferences. An economy could be productively efficient but produce goods people don’t need this would be allocative inefficient.
A2: Allocative efficiency occurs when the price of the good = the MC of production
See: Allocative Efficiency
3. X inefficiency:
This occurs when firms do not have incentives to cut costs, for example a monopoly which makes supernormal profits may have little incentive to get rid of surplus labour.
Therefore a firms average cost may be higher than necessary.
See: X Inefficiency
4. Efficiency of scale
This occurs when the firms produces on the lowest point of its Long run average cost and therefore benefits fully from economies of scale
5. Dynamic efficiency This refers to efficiency over time for example a Ford factory in 1920 would be very efficient for the time period, but by comparison would now be inefficient.. Dynamic efficiency involves the introduction of new technology and working practises to reduce costs over time.
This occurs when externalities are taken into consideration and occurs at an output where the social cost of production (SMC) = the social benefit (SMB)
See: Social efficiency
7. Technical efficiency
Optimum combination of factor inputs to produce a good: related to productive efficiency.
See: Technical efficiency
8. Pareto efficiency
A situation where resources are distributed in the most efficient way. It is defined as a situation where it is not possible to make one party better off without making another party worse off.
See: Pareto efficiency
9. Distributive efficiency
Concerned with allocating goods and services according to who needs them most. Therefore, requires an equitable distribution.
See: Distributive efficiency
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Definition of efficiency
Efficiency is concerned with the optimal production and distribution or these scarce resources.There are different types of efficiency
1. Productive efficiencyThis occurs when the maximum number of goods and services are produced with a given amount of inputs. This will occur on the production possibility frontier. On the curve it is impossible to produce more goods without producing less services.Productive efficiency will also occur at the lowest point on the firms average costs curve
See: Productive Efficiency
2. Allocative efficiency
This occurs when goods and services are distributed according to consumer preferences. An economy could be productively efficient but produce goods people don’t need this would be allocative inefficient.
A2: Allocative efficiency occurs when the price of the good = the MC of production
See: Allocative Efficiency
3. X inefficiency:
This occurs when firms do not have incentives to cut costs, for example a monopoly which makes supernormal profits may have little incentive to get rid of surplus labour.
Therefore a firms average cost may be higher than necessary.
See: X Inefficiency
4. Efficiency of scale
This occurs when the firms produces on the lowest point of its Long run average cost and therefore benefits fully from economies of scale
5. Dynamic efficiency This refers to efficiency over time for example a Ford factory in 1920 would be very efficient for the time period, but by comparison would now be inefficient.. Dynamic efficiency involves the introduction of new technology and working practises to reduce costs over time.
- Dynamic efficiency
- Static efficiency – efficiency at a particular point in time.
This occurs when externalities are taken into consideration and occurs at an output where the social cost of production (SMC) = the social benefit (SMB)
See: Social efficiency
7. Technical efficiency
Optimum combination of factor inputs to produce a good: related to productive efficiency.
See: Technical efficiency
8. Pareto efficiency
A situation where resources are distributed in the most efficient way. It is defined as a situation where it is not possible to make one party better off without making another party worse off.
See: Pareto efficiency
9. Distributive efficiency
Concerned with allocating goods and services according to who needs them most. Therefore, requires an equitable distribution.
See: Distributive efficiency
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